Articles & Preposition ( Indefinite Article Definite Article )

🔸ī¸đŸ”¸ī¸āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸā§‹āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ — 017🔸ī¸đŸ”¸ī¸
🍁🍁 āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœā§€ āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻž 🍁🍁
_______________________________________


🛡 Articles :

🛡 A, An āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ The āĻ•ā§‡ Article āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

🛡 Article āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤

1. Indefinite Article and
2. Definite Article.


🛡 Indefinite Article :-

🔸ī¸ A āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ an āĻ•ā§‡ Indefinite Article āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§€ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻšāĻ°āĻžāĻšāĻ° singular countable noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ A āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž An āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤

Example-
He has a pen.
I bought a book.
This is an elephant.
He took an apple.


🛡 Definite Article :

The āĻ•ā§‡ definite Article āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻšāĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§€ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤
Example –

I saw the bird.
I read the book.
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh.


🛡 Use of A and An :-

1. āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ consonant āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ A āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Vowel (a, e, i, o, u) āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ An āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –
a hen,
a book,
a pen,
an apple,
an egg,
an orange.

2. āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ h āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ h āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ h āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ h āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ o āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –

a horse,
a historian,
an honest man,
an hour.


3. āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ Vowel āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ u āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –

a ewe,
a European,
a uniform,
a university,
a useful metal.

4. O āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ (O āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ ‘āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžâ€™ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ – āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ ) āĨ¤ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° one āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –
an open field,
an open heart surgery,
an opera,
an orange,
a one taka note,
a one eyed man.

5. āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž abbreviation āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ° vowel āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ abbreviation āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ° consonant āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨-

an M.B.B.S,
an F.C.P.S,
an M.A,
a B.A,
a B.SC.

🛡 Other uses of A and An :

1. āĻāĻ• āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻ˛ singular common noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨-
A tiger is a dangerous animal;
An ant is an industrious insect.

2. āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨-
He bought an orange,
He lives in a tiny room.

3. āĻ¸āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ (the same, the certain) āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ singular common noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –

Birds of a feather flock together.
Criminals are of a (the same) character.
There lived a farmer.

4. Preposition āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ā§‹ a āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ a āĻ•ā§‡ disguised preposition āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –
He went a (on) fishing,
She went a (on) shopping.

5. Few, little, good many, lot of, great many, good deal, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ plural noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ many āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
Example
I have a few friends here.
The library has a lot of books.
The rich man has a good deal with money
Many a man was present in the meeting.

6. āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ- dozen, hundred, thousand, million, couple, score, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤

7. Exclamation āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž what, how, why, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ a āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
What a beautiful lady!
How nice a bird!

8. Singular common noun – quite, many, rather, but, more āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
He is rather a gentleman.
You are but a child.

9. Mr. / Mrs. / Miss āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
A Mr. Ashik called in his house.
A Mrs. Habiba sought his help.


đŸĩ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ“ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ –
Articles (Use and Omission):
Omission of a / an :

1. āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° (meals) āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° (meals) āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ adjective āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡.
Incorrect- We have a dinner at 8.00 pm.
Correct- We have dinner at 8.00 pm.

Incorrect- We had good breakfast yesterday.
Correct- We had a good breakfast yesterday.


2. Plural noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
Birds are beautiful.
Cows are useful.
3. Uncountable noun āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻŖā§āĻ¯ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – advice, information, news, baggage, water, milk, oil, tea, paper, āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

He gave me some information.
We take tea.
He drinks water.

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§Ÿ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ measure words āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ a / an āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Give me a glass of water.


đŸĩ Use of definite article :

1. āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§Ÿ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ common noun āĻāĻ° singular āĻ“ plural āĻ‰āĻ­ā§Ÿ number āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
– The boy is reading.
– The girl is singing.

2. āĻāĻ• āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ singular common noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
– The cow gives us milk.
– The rose is beautiful flower.

3. āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻœāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ man and women āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
Incorrect – The man is mortal.
Correct – Man is mortal.

4. āĻ¨āĻĻā§€, āĻ¸āĻžāĻ—āĻ°, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻžāĻ—āĻ°, āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€, āĻĻā§€āĻĒāĻĒā§āĻžā§āĻœ, āĻœāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻœ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The Andamans, The Himalayas, The Titanic.

5. āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨ āĻ“ āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The holy Quran, The Daily sun.

6. āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ – āĻĒā§ƒāĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§€, āĻšāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°, āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¯, āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ, āĻĒāĻļā§āĻšāĻŋāĻŽ, āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
The sun, The earth, The moon.

7. āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
– The U.S.A, the panjab.

8. āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ–ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The 10th March.

9. āĻœāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The rich, The poor, The Muslims.

10. Superlative degree āĻ¤ā§‡ adjective āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – He is the best boy in the class.

11. Material noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The Diamond of Africa is famous.

12. Proper noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ adjective āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The great Akbar was a mighty ruler.

13. āĻŦāĻ‚āĻļ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšā§ŸāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻĒāĻ• āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ plural āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The khans, The Pathans.

14. āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻ• word āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ unit āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Eggs are sold by the dozens.

15. Musical instrument āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – I can’t play the Guitar. The cowboy can play the flute well.
16. āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ The āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Markoni invented the radio. The bicycles is an easy means of transport.

17. Singular designation āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The president, The Prime Minister, The headmaster.

đŸĩ (āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ) Omission of definite article :

1. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻĨā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The Gitanjoli of Robindranath.

2. āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻž, āĻāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§, āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°, āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – He is going to park.

3. āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Bangla is our mother lsnguge.
English is an international language.

āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ language āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŸāĻž āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ– āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – The English language is international.

4. āĻšā§āĻ°āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Lake Superior, Lake Baikal, Lake Caspian.

5. āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Friday is holyday.


6. āĻ°ā§‹āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Fever has broken out in the home.

7. Allah or God āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Allah has created us.

8. āĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ™ā§āĻ—-āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ•- āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻĻ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – Raise your right hand.
Put off your shirt.

9. āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĨā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡ the āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – by bus, by train, by launch.

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āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§‡ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āĻ¯
āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖāĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°
āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖāĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°
āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸āĻš āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ
āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‚āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻœāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻ¨ ( Contextualization ) āĻ•āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ ?
āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ , āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽ , āĻĒāĻžāĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ‡ , āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€ āĻ“ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖāĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•
āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ
āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸āĻš āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž

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